{"id":7255,"date":"2018-02-25T09:29:46","date_gmt":"2018-02-25T01:29:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.justzz.com\/?p=7254"},"modified":"2019-10-12T14:32:48","modified_gmt":"2019-10-12T06:32:48","slug":"%e7%bb%8f%e5%85%b8%e6%9d%a1%e4%bb%b6%e5%8f%8d%e5%b0%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/7255.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"custom_zy\" class=\"zy clearfix\">\n<p>\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04 (\u53c8\u79f0\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04),\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u5956\u8d4f\u6216\u60e9\u7f5a\u7684\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u591a\u6b21\u8054\u7ed3\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u5448\u73b0\u8be5\u4e00\u523a\u6fc0\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u7c7b\u4f3c\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u72d7\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"custom_xinxi\" class=\"xinxi lines3\">\n<div class=\"conBox\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"tm\">\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\uff1a<\/span>\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"tm\">\u82f1\u6587\u540d\uff1a<\/span>classical conditioning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53c8\u540d\uff1a\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/li>\n<li>\u7c7b\u522b\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u72d7\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rz-product-box\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"content\">\n<div id=\"0\">\n<p>\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\uff08classical conditioning\uff09\u7684\u5178\u578b\u8303\u4f8b\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u00a0\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u00a0<b>\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/b>(unconditioned stimulus\u3001US)\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u8d77\u00a0<b>\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94<\/b>(unconditioned response\u3001UR)\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u79f0\u505a\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u00a0\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u00a0<b>\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0<\/b>(conditioned stimulus\u3001CS)\u5219\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u8d77\u00a0<b>\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94<\/b>(conditioned response\u3001CR)\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u00a0<b>\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0<\/b>(neutral stimulus\u3001NS)\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u3002\u4e14\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u00a0\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0a\u7acb\u5373\u6027\u548c\u957f\u671f\u6027\u7684\u00a0\u671f\u5f85\u3001\u00a0\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0e\u00a0\u6050\u60e7\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u79f0\u505a\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u5f53\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u5730\u6216\u662f\u731b\u70c8\u5730\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ff1\u53ef\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<br \/>\n\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0 \u2192 \u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94<br \/>\n\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u63d2\u5165\uff1a\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0 \u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0 \u2192 \u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94<br \/>\n\u6761\u4ef6\u6548\u679c\uff1a\u00a0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0(=\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0) \u2192 \u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94(=\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span id=\"1\" class=\"h2_line\"><em id=\"1em\" class=\"btshow\"><\/em>\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u5b66\u8bf4<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"2\">\n<div id=\"changeTheId-wrap-img-1\" class=\"img img_r\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7252\" title=\"\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\" src=\"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/10\/20180207-1517996034-.jpg\" alt=\"\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\" width=\"300\" height=\"250\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u5185\u5bb9\u3011\uff1a<\/strong>\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u91d1\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u3001\u00a0\u4fc4\u56fd\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f0a\u51e1\u00b7\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Ivan Pavlov\uff0c 1849\uff0d1936\uff09\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u63d0\u51fa\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u6d88\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e86\u72d7\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u98df\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u628a\u98df\u7269\u663e\u793a\u7ed9\u72d7\uff0c\u5e76\u6d4b\u91cf\u5176\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u5982\u679c\u968f\u540c\u98df\u7269\u53cd\u590d\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e76\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u8d77\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5982\u94c3\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u72d7\u5c31\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u201c\u5b66\u4f1a\u201d\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u94c3\u54cd\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u98df\u7269\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5206\u6ccc\u553e\u6db2\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u6765\u5c31\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u67d0\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u4f1a\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u6d89\u53ca\u56db\u4e2a\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u673a\u4f53\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\uff1a\u5b83\u5f15\u8d77\u9884\u671f\u7684\u3001\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5373\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff08CS\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u94c3\u54cd\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u523a\u6fc0\u662f\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff08UCS\uff09\uff1a\u5b83\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u9884\u671f\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u672c\u80fd\uff09\u2014\u2014\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u8089\uff0c\u5373UCS\uff0c\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u53cd\u5e94\u53eb\u4f5c\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\uff08UCR\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1b\u7531\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u88ab\u523a\u6fc0\uff09\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u6d41\u53e3\u6c34\uff09\u53eb\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\uff08CR\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6ca1\u6709\u8089\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u94c3\u54cd\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u523a\u6fc0\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\uff08\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u76f8\u8fd1\uff09\uff0c\u53cd\u590d\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u7d27\u8ddf\u7740\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5bc4\u751f\u4e8e\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u76f8\u968f\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u6b21\u540e\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5c31\u9010\u6e10\u5f15\u8d77\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff08\u94c3\u54cd\uff09\u73b0\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u51fa\u73b0\u5373\u53ef\u5f15\u8d77\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\uff08\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u5c31\u8d8a\u5de9\u56fa\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5e76\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u542c\u89c9\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u6765\u81ea\u4f53\u5185\u5916\u7684\u6709\u6548\u523a\u6fc0\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u590d\u5408\u523a\u6fc0\u3001\u00a0\u523a\u6fc0\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ca\u65f6\u95f4\u56e0\u7d20\u7b49\uff09\u53ea\u8981\u8ddf\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7ed3\u5408\uff08\u5373\u5f3a\u5316\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u5de9\u56fa\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ea7\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u7ea7\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002<br 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id=\"changeTheId-wrap-img-2\" class=\"img img_r\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7253\" title=\"\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\" src=\"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/10\/20180207-1517996035-.jpg\" alt=\"\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\" width=\"209\" height=\"300\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u672c\u8eab\u5916\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u8be5\u523a\u6fc0\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e5f\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5177\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528500\u8d6b\u7684\u97f3\u8c03\u4e0e\u8fdb\u98df\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u98df\u7269\u5206\u6ccc\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u521d\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u97f3\u8c03\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u8d77\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u8ddf500\u8d6b\u7684\u97f3\u8c03\u5dee\u522b\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u6548\u5e94\u5c31\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u6cdb\u5316\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u5bf9\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff08500\u8d6b\u7684\u97f3\u8c03\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0d\u7ed9\u4e88\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6cdb\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u5c31\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u52a8\u7269\u53ea\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff08500\u8d6b\u7684\u97f3\u8c03\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u98df\u7269\u5206\u6ccc\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd1\u4f3c\u523a\u6fc0\u5219\u4ea7\u751f\u6291\u5236\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u5206\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u6240\u505a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u516c\u5e03\u4ee5\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u00a0\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u00a0\u534e\u751f\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e00\u5207\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd9\u4e00\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u540e\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u66fe\u5360\u7edf\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u81f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u7528\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u51fa\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u662f\u00a0\u5927\u8111\u76ae\u5c42\u6682\u65f6\u795e\u7ecf\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u5de9\u56fa\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u90fd\u662f\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u5c31\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u6682\u65f6\u795e\u7ecf\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u57f9\u80b2\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u957f\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u201d\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u5229\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4eba\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u00a0\u9ad8\u7ea7\u795e\u7ecf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e00\u5b9a\u9891\u7387\u7684\u8282\u62cd\u5668\u58f0\u54cd\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0CS\uff09\u4e0e\u8089\u7c89\uff08\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0US\uff09\u591a\u6b21\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u539f\u5148\u53ea\u7531\u8089\u7c89\uff08US\uff09\u5f15\u8d77\u72d7\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\uff08\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94UR\uff09\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8282\u62cd\u5668\u5355\u72ec\u51fa\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u8d77\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u53cd\u5e94\uff08CR\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5f53CS\u2014CR\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5de9\u56fa\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u72d7\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u542c\u4e00\u5b9a\u9891\u7387\u7684\u8282\u62cd\u5668\u58f0\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span id=\"3\" class=\"h2_line\"><em id=\"3em\" class=\"btshow\"><\/em>\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7279\u5f81<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"4\">\u83b7\u5f97\uff1a\u5c06\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u591a\u6b21\u7ed3\u5408\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u5c06\u58f0\u97f3\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u5582\u98df\u7ed3\u5408\u5448\u73b0\u7ed9\u72d7\uff0c\u72d7\u4fbf\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u6d88\u9000\uff1a\u5bf9\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u518d\u91cd\u590d\u5448\u73b0\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u4e88\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u53cd\u590d\u591a\u6b21\u540e\uff0c\u5df2\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u5c31\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u5982\u5b66\u4f1a\u5bf9\u94c3\u58f0\u4ea7\u751f\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u7684\u72d7\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u542c\u5230\u94c3\u58f0\u800c\u4e0d\u5582\u98df\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u94c3\u58f0\u4e0d\u518d\u4ea7\u751f\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u6062\u590d\uff1a\u6d88\u9000\u4e86\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u518d\u7ed9\u4e88\u5f3a\u5316\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u65b0\u88ab\u6fc0\u53d1\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u6062\u590d\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u6cdb\u5316\uff1a\u6307\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u53cd\u5e94\u5f62\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e5f\u80fd\u6fc0\u53d1\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5982\u72d7\u5bf9\u94c3\u58f0\u4ea7\u751f\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u53cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd1\u4f3c\u94c3\u58f0\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\"\u4e00\u671d\u88ab\u86c7\u54ac\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u6015\u8349\u7ef3\"\u4fbf\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u6700\u597d\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u4ee5\u4e0a4\u79cd\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u00a0\u884c\u4e3a\u7597\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><span id=\"5\" class=\"h2_line\"><em id=\"5em\" class=\"btshow\"><\/em>\u8bd5\u8ff0\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u5f02\u540c<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"6\">\u7b54\uff1a\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u662f\u5728\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u00a0\u65af\u91d1\u7eb3\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u53c8\u79f0\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u7269\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u67d0\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u90fd\u5341\u5206\u5f3a\u8c03\u5f3a\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u3002<br \/>\n\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<br \/>\n\uff081\uff09\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u7269\u5341\u5206\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u800c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u7269\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u673a\u4f53\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u4fc3\u4f7f\u673a\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\uff082\uff09\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e2d\u52a8\u7269\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u00a0\u64cd\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\uff083\uff09\u5728\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u523a\u6fc0\u5f15\u8d77\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u4e2d\uff0c\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u5f3a\u5316\u523a\u6fc0\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5f3a\u5316\u523a\u6fc0\u3002<\/div>\n<p><span id=\"7\" class=\"h2_line\"><em id=\"7em\" class=\"btshow\"><\/em>\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u795e\u7ecf\u673a\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"8\">\n<div id=\"changeTheId-wrap-img-0\" class=\"img img_r\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7254\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/10\/20180207-1517996035-1-1.jpg\" width=\"209\" height=\"300\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u5173\u523a\u6fc0\u7ecf\u4e0e\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u591a\u6b21\u7ed3\u5408\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u5173\u523a\u6fc0\u5373\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u654f\u611f\u5316\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u673a\u5236\u4e5f\u6bd4\u654f\u611f\u5316\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002\u523a\u6fc0\u55b7\u6c34\u7ba1\u76ae\u80a4\u6216\u5916\u5957\u819c\u5206\u522b\u4e0e\u5f3a\u7535\u51fb\u5c3e\u90e8\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7ecf\u591a\u6b21\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\u523a\u6fc0\u55b7\u6c34\u7ba1\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6bd4\u523a\u6fc0\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5fc5\u987b\u65e9\u4e8e\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e8e0.5\u79d2\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5728\u6d77\u5154\u7f29\u816e\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5728\u611f\u89c9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u6c47\u805a\u3002\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5177\u6709\u6613\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\uff08facilitating interneurons\uff09,\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u95f4\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e0e\u63a5\u53d7\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u8f74\u7a81-\u8f74\u7a81\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\u5904\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u6613\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6027\u3002\u5047\u5982\u5728\u611f\u89c9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5bf9\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u53cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7acb\u5373\u88ab\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u524d\u6613\u5316\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u95f4\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6fc0\u6d3b\u65e9\u4e8e\u611f\u89c9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u88ab\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u6613\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u611f\u89c9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8ddf\u968f\u5728\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u5728\u611f\u89c9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5355\u4f4d\u6b63\u597d\u65e9\u4e8e\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u6613\u5316\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6613\u5316\u589e\u5f3a\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u672a\u7ecf\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u901a\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5Ca2 \u901a\u9053\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c\u624d\u4f7f\u4e2d\u95f4\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u6fc0\u6d3b\u800c\u91ca\u653e5-HT\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u8d77\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u751f\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002cAMP\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4fe1\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u90fd\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span id=\"9\" class=\"h2_line\"><em id=\"9em\" class=\"btshow\"><\/em>\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"14\">\n<h3>\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u72d7\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/h3>\n<p>\u72d7\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u98df\u7269\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u7684\u5206\u6ccc\u553e\u6db2\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u5c06\u98df\u7269\u770b\u4f5c\u00a0<b>\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0(US)<\/b>\u3001\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u770b\u4f5c\u00a0<b>\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94(UR)<\/b>\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u79f0\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/b>\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u98df\u7269\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0(NS)<\/b>\u7684\u58f0\u54cd\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u54cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0(CS)<\/b>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5355\u72ec\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u98df\u7269\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f15\u8d77\u4f5c\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94(CR)<\/b>\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5219\u88ab\u79f0\u505a\u00a0<b>\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/b>\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0e\u98df\u7269\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4fbf\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u98df\u7269\u5f15\u8d77\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\u662f\u5148\u5929\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u58f0\u54cd\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u8d77\u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u00a0\u52a8\u7269\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<br \/>\n\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b80\u5316\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/>\n\u98df\u7269 (US) =&gt; \u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc (UR)<br \/>\n\u98df\u7269 (US) \u58f0\u97f3 (NS) =&gt; \u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc (UR)<br \/>\n\u58f0\u97f3 (CS) =&gt; \u553e\u6db2\u5206\u6ccc (CR)<\/p>\n<h3>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u534e\u751f\u7684\u5c0f\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u534e\u751f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u60c5\u7eea(\u5982\u6050\u60e7)\u4e5f\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u3002\u5e76\u76f8\u4fe1\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u900f\u8fc7\u7531\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u4f34\u968f\u539f\u6765\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u6210\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u5355\u72ec\u4ea7\u751f\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u534e\u751f\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6050\u60e7\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u533b\u9662\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b64\u513f\u00a0\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u534e\u751f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4f4d\u7537\u5b69\u4e0d\u5bb3\u6015\u5305\u62ec\u00a0\u8001\u9f20\u3001\u00a0\u5154\u5b50\u3001\u00a0\u7334\u5b50\u3001\u00a0\u72d7\u3001\u68c9\u7d6e\u3001\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u5934\u53d1\u7684\u00a0\u9762\u5177\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u5bf9\u94c1\u9524\u6572\u6253\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u58f0\u54cd\u4ea7\u751f\u6050\u60e7\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u5bf9\u8001\u9f20\u4ea7\u751f\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u534e\u751f\u4f7f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0(NS)<\/b>\u7684\u8001\u9f20\u548c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0(US)<\/b>\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u58f0\u54cd\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4f5c\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94(UR)<\/b>\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u591a\u6b21\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8001\u9f20\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u00a0<b>\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0(CS)<\/b>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u5bf9\u8001\u9f20\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u51fa\u73b0\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u00a0<b>\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94(CR)<\/b>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6050\u60e7\u548c\u00a0\u9003\u907f\u3002\u534e\u751f\u66f4\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5154\u5b50\u3001\u6bdb\u76ae\u5916\u5957\u3001\u534e\u751f\u7684\u5934\u53d1\u3001\u72d7\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u80fd\u7528\u548c\u8001\u9f20\u5b9e\u9a8c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ea7\u751f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u623f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7686\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u518d\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fa\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u4f9d\u7136\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u4ea7\u751f\u6050\u60e7\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u523b\u610f\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u00a0\u4f5b\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e2d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u00a0\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u6765\u81ea\u975e\u523b\u610f\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6d45\u610f\u8bc6\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<br \/>\n\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b80\u5316\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/>\n\u58f0\u97f3 (US) =&gt; \u6050\u60e7 (UR)<br \/>\n\u58f0\u97f3 (US) \u8001\u9f20 (NS) =&gt; \u6050\u60e7 (UR)<br \/>\n\u8001\u9f20 (CS) =&gt; \u6050\u60e7 (CR)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span id=\"15\" class=\"h2_line\"><em id=\"15em\" class=\"btshow\"><\/em>\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"20\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u00a0\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u7406\u8bba, \u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u00a0\u538c\u6076\u7597\u6cd5\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8131\u654f\u611f\u7597\u6cd5\u3001\u6cdb\u6ee5\u7597\u6cd5\u3001\u7206\u70b8\u7597\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6cdb\u6ee5\u7597\u6cd5\u548c\u7206\u70b8\u7597\u6cd5\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9\u4e8b\u7269\u4ea7\u751f\u7126\u8651\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u4e3a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5371\u9669\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u9053\u5fb7\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<br \/>\n\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u53ef\u4ee5\u77ed\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0e\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u82b1\u8f83\u5c11\u6cbb\u7597\u8005\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u88ab\u6cbb\u7597\u8005\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7597\u6cd5\u6700\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4eba\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u611f\u5230\u538c\u6076\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4eba\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u538c\u6076\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u538c\u6076\u7597\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u538c\u6076\u7597\u6cd5(Aversion therapy)\u53c8\u79f0\u60e9\u7f5a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u975e\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\uff08\u5982\u00a0\u53cd\u80c3\u3001\u00a0\u5455\u5410\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e2d\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\uff08\u5982\u00a0\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\uff09\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u6cbb\u7597\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u88ab\u6cbb\u7597\u8005\u4e0d\u518d\u4ea7\u751f\u67d0\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7597\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u5728\u6cbb\u7597\u00a0\u9157\u9152\u548c\u00a0\u6bd2\u763e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6027\u7f6a\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8131\u654f\u611f\u7597\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u7269\u611f\u5230\u6050\u60e7\u6216\u662f\u00a0\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u800c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8131\u654f\u611f\u7597\u6cd5(Systematic desensitization)\u4ee5\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u7597\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u4ee5\u6761\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u88ab\u6cbb\u7597\u8005\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u6216\u654f\u611f\u7a0d\u5fae\u51cf\u5f31\uff0c\u5728\u7597\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u88ab\u6cbb\u7597\u8005\u5c06\u5931\u53bb\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u6216\u662f\u654f\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.baike.com\/gwiki\/\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04 (\u53c8\u79f0\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04),\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u5956\u8d4f\u6216\u60e9\u7f5a\u7684\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u523a\u6fc0\u591a\u6b21\u8054\u7ed3\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5b66\u4f1a\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u5448\u73b0\u8be5\u4e00\u523a\u6fc0\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u7c7b\u4f3c\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5df4\u752b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u72d7\u7684\u553e\u6db2\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04\u3002 \u4e2d\u6587\u540d\uff1a\u7ecf\u5178\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5c04 \u82f1\u6587\u540d\uff1a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":7252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","post_format-post-format-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7255"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7255\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.justzz.com\/psych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}